Emotional intelligence in male and female sport climbers

Background: Emotions are a fundamental aspect of the sport activity manifesting itself in mental and physiological processes. In sport training, they act as motivational, informative and communicative factors. The ability to recognize emotional states, understand them, and express themselves in sport activity is an aspect of emotional intelligence that contributes to success in sport performance.Aim: The aim of presented study is to compare the emotional intelligence traits in male and female sport climbers.Material and methods: We examined 60 sport climbers (30 men, 30 women) aged 23±1 years. The average time of climbing training was 6 years. The study used the Popular Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (PKIE). PKIE consists of 94 items of self-assessment. The questionnaire allows to calculate results on four-factor scale and the overall score.Results: The results showed there were significant differences between the two groups on the scale of emotions control, understanding and realizing own's emotions and in general indicator of emotional intelligence. In the indicated scales, men achieved higher average results. There were no significant differences in accepting, expressing and using emotions on both action and empathy scales.Conclusions: Male sport climbers used the recognition and understanding of emotional states to solve problems for success in climbing and characterize their higher level of overall emotional intelligence in a better way. Sport climbers of both sexes had average levels of acceptance of emotion and empathy. This means that climbers of both sexes were characterized by low levels of other emotional experiences and the use of emotional experiences in prospective activities

Five-factor model personality traits in sport climbers

Background: Success in sport climbing depends both on physiological and psychological factors. Personality, a psychological factor influencing daily functioning, is connected with sport activities such as the choice of discipline and the approach to workout. Personality also affects athletic performance, emotional balance during sport activity and gaining new sports experiences.Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the personality traits in male and female sport climbers.Material and methods: We examined 60 sport climbers (30 men, 30 women) aged 23±1 years. The average time of climbing training was 6 years. The study used the Big Five Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI) in Polish adaptation. The questionnaire consists of 60 assertive statements, the truthfulness of which is assessed by the investigator on the five-point scale Neuroticism, Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Extraversion.Results: The results showed there were significant differences between the two groups on the Openes to experience and Agreeableness scales. There were no significant differences in Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and Extraversion scales.Conclusions: Male sport climbers were more liberal in views and experience, whereas female sport climbers were more competing. Sport climbers of both sexes had high levels of emotional balance and extroversion, and the average level of conscientiousness

Psychosomatics in ophthalmology - review of the literature

Objective:This study aimed to demonstrate the potential influence of psychiatric disorders on the development andcourse of ophthalmic diseases.Methods:A literature search was performed in the PubMed medical publication database using the followingkeywords: ophthalmology; glaucoma; psychiatrists; psychology; acute anterior uveitis; psychosomatics;health.Results:Stress and psychiatric disorders are underestimated risk factors in the course of ophthalmic diseases.Understanding the relationship between them is crucial to ensuring proper patient care. This is becausevision loss has serious consequences for the patient, ranging from difficulties in everyday life todisability, loss of livelihood and dependence on others. The stress reaction is associated with long-termpersistence of high cortisol levels, stimulation of the autonomic system and, consequently, vasculardysregulation and neuropathy. The result is a progression of visual disturbances, which causes furtherstress and anxiety.Conclusions:Effective psychiatric intervention, the correct physician approach, or relaxation techniques can speed uprecovery or reduce the risk of recurrence

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome – clinical symptoms, etiology, pathophysiology and medical treatment - a review of the literature

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare disease of the skin and mucous membrane. It develops as a result of a sudden skin reaction, which is most often triggered by the use of certain drugs. It is characterized by acute epidermal necrosis. The syndrome can lead to many complications and death. Currently, there are no guidelines and management schematics for this disease. Treatment has changed over the years due to the discovery of the possible pathomechanism of SJS. Nevertheless, because of the rarity of the disease, there is a lack of adequate prospective randomized studies that could provide valuable information on treatment.    Objective: The purpose of this study was to present Stevens-Johnson syndrome, including clinical features, etiology, pathomechanism, complications and treatment.   Methods: A literature search was performed in the PubMed medical publication database using the following keywords: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, acute drug-induced skin reaction, cutaneous adverse drug reactions.   Results: Stevens-Johnson syndrome is an example of an acute cutaneous reaction to certain medicinal substances. The pathomechanism is not fully understood. There is an association of genetics with the risk of developing symptoms of the syndrome in selected populations. Treatment formerly was based on glucocorticosteroids, but now IVIG (intravenous immune globulin) is used. Dehydration, pneumonia or sepsis may develop as a complication of the syndrome.     Conclusions: The discovery of a genetic predisposition to develop Stevens-Johnson syndrome offers the possibility of future effective disease prevention. It is necessary to create medical procedure schemes for the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. The discovery of the possible pathomechanism has allowed the use of IVIG in the treatment of the syndrome. Effective and prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent life-threatening complications and death from SJS

Effects of dupilumab on hair in patients with atopic dermatitis - a review of the literature

Dupilumab is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody of the IgG4 class. Its mechanism of action can most broadly be described as inhibition of interleukin 4 and 13-mediated signal transduction. These cytokines are the main drivers of inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma. Currently, dupilumab is the subject of many studies and scientific articles. More and more papers are being written about the efficacy of this drug and the side effects. Based on publications from the PubMed database, we present selected cases of atopic dermatitis patients who experienced uncharacteristic and unclear hair-related changes, such as hair loss, growth and change in hair colour, after dupilumab administration

Depression and suicide risk in dermatological diseases - a review of the literature

Introduction Depression can be an independent disease entity, but can also result from other somatic diseases. Psychodermatology is a scientific field that deals with the interactions between dermatology and psychiatry and psychology. It is estimated that psychiatric disorders may co-occur in up to 30-60% of people with dermatological conditions. Mood disorders of the depressive type are most common among this group of patients [1]. It is important that skin specialists pay attention to the mental state of their patients in their daily practice.  Objective In our work, we would like to draw attention to the interplay between psychiatric and dermatological diseases.  Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed medical publication database using the following keywords: depression; dermatology; skin; somatic; psychiatry; psoriasis; atopic dermatitis; acnes vulgaris; suicidal risk. Results There is a proven risk of depression in patients with psoriasis, acne and atopic dermatitis. These diseases also increase the risk of suicidal thoughts. Conclusions Awareness among professionals and patients of the co-occurrence of these disorders is insufficient, which in some cases can lead to serious consequences for the patient and affect the effectiveness of treatment of both dermatological and psychiatric disorders

Obesity as a multidimensional problem in the health care system - literature review

Awareness among medical professionals and patients about the impact of obesity on health is currently at a good level. Medical recommendations often include the recommendation of weight reduction, and there are increasing numbers of dieticians on wards educating patients about a healthy diet and physical activity. Special programs are also being developed to provide pharmacological and surgical treatment for obesity. New drugs that reduce body fat are becoming available. Unfortunately, as statistics show, the problem is still global and the number of obese people is increasing over the years. Currently, there is a huge emphasis on treating and reversing the effects of obesity, rather than preventing it. Scientific and technological advances are lagging behind in the face of the challenges posed by the large obese population.  In this work, we present the radiological, anesthesiological and surgical problems and limitations associated with obesity, which may not be obvious to those who do not deal with obese patients on a daily basis as well as the patients themselves

Epidemiologia astmy w Polsce z podziałem na regiony wiejskie i miejskie na podstawie danych dotyczących udzielanych świadczeń zdrowotnych

Introduction: Asthma is a serious health and social problem, also in Poland. The epidemiological data indicate that the problem of asthma concerns approximately 4 million people in Poland, whereas almost approximately 70% of them have no diagnosis and are not aware of their illness, and on the other hand in 39% of persons who declared the diagnosis of asthma in a survey the diagnosis was negatively verified (overdiagnosis of asthma). So far, no detailed comparative studies for asthma incidence rate in urban and rural areas were conducted in Poland. The aim of the study was to analyze patients with asthma in Poland in the years 2008−2012, with regard to province and type of commune (rural/urban). Material and methods: The study used data from National Health Fund (NFZ) — reported by health care providers regarding the patients diagnosed with asthma. Using structured query language (SQL) a set of patients was selected and created, for whom at the same time ICD-10 code: J45.X-bronchial asthma was reported. In order to estimate the number of patients with asthma we used the PESEL social security number as a unique identifier of the patient. Code of the patient’s commune of residence in conjunction with the Central Statistical Office data formed the basis for the division of municipalities into urban and rural areas. The analysis of asthma incidence trends in Poland was performed on the basis of health services provided to patients. The analysis was performed by using the Statistica 10 software using a negative binomial regression model. Results: In 2009 a significant increase in the number of patients with asthma was observed compared with the previous year, whereas after 2009 the number of patients diagnosed with asthma remained relatively constant. A significant increase of predominance of women among asthma patients in recent years can be noticed: from 107% in 2008 to almost 115% in 2012 (F:M ratio). Regardless of the analyzed year and the diagnosis the incidence rate remained constant: approximately 55−57% for urban areas and about 43−45% in rural areas. Conclusions: The average prevalence rate for rural areas is significantly lower than for urban areas. The use of adjusted incidence rate leads to the conclusion that the number of sufferers in urban areas is higher (about 10%) of the number of sufferers in the rural areas. The results of the analysis are consistent with information from previous studies in Poland and in the world.Wstęp: Astma jest ważnym problemem zdrowotnym i socjalnym na świecie oraz w Polsce. Dostępne dane epidemiologiczne wskazują, że problem astmy dotyczy prawie 4 mln osób w Polsce, podczas gdy około 70% z nich nie ma postawionej diagnozy i nie są świadomi swojej choroby. Jednocześnie około 39% chorych z postawioną diagnozą astmy jest następnie negatywnie weryfikowana (nadrozpoznawalność astmy). Do tej pory brakuje szczegółowych badań porównawczych astmy w regionach wiejskich i miejskich. Celem badania była analiza danych chorych na astmę w Polsce w latach w latach 2008−2012 w odniesieniu do województw oraz typu gminy (wiejskie/miejskie). Materiał i metody: W badaniu zastosowano analizę danych NFZ — sprawozdawanych przez świadczeniodawców — pacjentów ze zdiagnozowaną astmę. Przy zastosowaniu SQl (structured query language) wyodrębniono i utworzono zbiory pacjentów dla których sprawozdano kod ICD-10: J45.X- dychawica oskrzelowa. W celu oszacowania liczby pacjentów wykorzystano numer PESEL, jako unikalny identyfikator pacjenta. Kod gminy miejsca zamieszkania w połączeniu z danymi Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego był podstawą podziału gmin na regiony miejskie i wiejskie. Analizę trendu zachorowalności na astmę w Polsce wyliczono na podstawie udzielonych pacjentom świadczeń zdrowotnych. Analizę przeprowadzono za pomocą narzędzia Statistica 10, korzystając z modelu ujemnej regresji binominalnej. Wyniki: W 2009 roku obserwowano istotne zwiększenie liczby chorych na astmę w porównaniu z rokiem poprzednim, natomiast po 2009 roku liczba pacjentów z rozpoznaniem astmy pozostawała na względnie st ałym poziomie. Zwraca uwagę istotny wzrost w ostatnich latach przewagi kobiet wśród chorych na astmę: ze 107% w 2008 roku do prawie 115% w 2012 roku (stosunek K:M). Niezależnie od badanego roku i rozpoznania utrzymuje się stały współczynnik zachorowalności: około 55−57% dla regionów miejskich i około 43−45% dla regionów wiejskich. Wnioski: Średni wskaźnik chorobowości dla regionów wiejskich jest istotnie niższy niż dla regionów miejskich. Zastosowanie skorygowanego współczynnika zachorowalności pozwala na stwierdzenie, że liczba chorujących w regionach miejskich jest większa (o około 10%) od liczby chorujących w regionach wiejskich. Wyniki analizy są zbieżne z informacjami z wcześniejszych badań w Polsce i na świecie

Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Short-Term Outcome in Patients with Heart Failure and Cancer.

(1) Our study aimed to look at the clinical characteristics, treatment and short-term outcomes of patients hospitalized due to heart failure with coexisting cancer. (2) Methods: Seventy one cancer (Ca) patients and a randomly selected 70 patients without Ca, hospitalized due to heart failure exacerbation in the same time period constituted the study group (Ca patient group) and controls (non-Ca group), respectively. Data on clinical characteristics were collected retrospectively for both groups. (3) Results: Cancer patients presented with a less advanced NYHA class, had more frequent HFpEF, a higher peak troponin T level, and smaller left atrium size, as compared with controls. The in-hospital deaths of Ca patients were associated with: a higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, lower HgB level, worse renal function, higher K and AST levels, presence of diabetes mellitus, and HFpEF. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, impaired renal function was the only independent predictor of in-hospital death in Ca patients (OR-1.15; CI 1.05; 1.27); p = 0.017). The following covariates entered the regression: NYHA class, HgB, GFR, K+, AST, diabetes mellitus t.2, and HFpEF. (4) Conclusions: The clinical picture and the course of heart failure in patients with and without cancer are different